PPMS

PPMS
1 Conversations at work

The language you use at work is often
different from the language of everyday
conversation. It is often, though not always,
more formal, and it includes phrases that you
do not usually hear in informal conversations.
Below are phrases that are often used when
people have meetings in order to discuss
work. These phrases will help you to speak
clearly and professionally, in a way that is both
confident and polite.

Opinions
Speaking up
Use these phrases when other people
have been speaking and you want to say
something:
Could / can I (just) say something here?
Could / can I (just) add something here?
Could / can I (just) come in here?
Could / can I (just) make a point here?

Giving an opinion
Use these phrases when you want to give
your opinion. In meetings, a speaker will
often introduce their opinion with one of
these phrases. This ‘softens’ the statement,
making it sound less direct and more polite.
The way I see things…
I tend to think that…
It seems to me that…
It’s my feeling that…
In my experience…
It’s my experience that…

Examples:
I tend to think that it’s the marketing
department’s responsibility to sort this out.
It seems to me that we’re going to waste a lot
of money taking this approach.
It’s my feeling that enough time has been
spent on this project already.

Asking for an opinion
Use these phrases to ask someone else what
they think about something:
James, what’s your opinion of /
about / on…?
James, what do you think of / about…?
James, what’s your feeling about …?
James, could we have your input here?
Example:
James, what’s your feeling about staffing
levels in the department?

Agreeing
Use these phrases to agree with what
someone has said:
I agree (with you).
(I think) you’re right.
I tend to agree. / I tend to agree with Anna.
I’m with Anna on this one.

Agreeing strongly
Use these phrases when you agree strongly
with someone and want to show it:
Absolutely!
Exactly!
I quite agree!
I totally agree with you.
I’m in complete agreement with you.
I couldn’t agree more!
Disagreeing

Disagreeing
Use these phrases when you disagree with
what someone has said:
Note: In a work meeting, people often
disagree in an indirect way. They usually
avoid very strong, definite phrases, such
as ‘I completely disagree,’ as these can
sound rude.
I’m afraid I don’t / can’t agree with
you there.
I’m sorry, I don’t agree with you there.
I have to say, I disagree with you there.
I’m not sure I agree with you.
I’m not sure about that.
I’m not sure that’s true.
I take a (slightly) different view
on this.
I don’t know. I tend to think that the
opposite is true.

Examples:
A: Money spent on training is always
a good investment.
B: I’m not sure about that. I think it
depends on the quality of the training.
A: In my experience, customers are looking
for quality in a product and they’ll pay
extra for it.
B: I take a different view on this. I think the
lower price is mainly what sells the product.

Disagreeing strongly
Use this phrase when you disagree strongly
with what someone has said:
I’m sorry but…
Note that if you say ‘I’m sorry but…’ at the
beginning of a sentence, it does not really
mean that you are sorry. In fact it is a way of
emphasizing that you are going to disagree
with what someone has said.

Examples:
I’m sorry but I can’t agree with you.
I’m sorry but I just don’t think it’s a good
use of our time.
I’m sorry but the point you make simply

doesn’t apply to our department.
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RECOUNT
What is A RECOUNT?
A recount is a piece of text that retells past events, usually 

in the order in which they occurred. Its purpose is to provide

the audience with a description of what occurred and when 

it occurred.
  Examples of recount texts include:

  eyewitness account
  newspaper reports
  letters
  conversations
  television interviews
  speeches
  diary



Features of A RECOUNT

Constructing a recount
A recount text usually has three main sections.  The first

paragraph gives background information about who, what, 
where, and when (called an orientation). This is followed b
a series of paragraphs that retell the events in the order in 
which they happened. Some recounts have a concluding
 paragraph, however this is not always necessary.

Grammatical features of a recount


Recounts usually include the following grammatical features:

  proper nouns to identify those involved in the text

  descriptive words to give details about who, what, 
when, where and how

  the use of the past tense to retell the events

  words that show the order of the events (for example, 
first, next, then).


The RECOUNT scaffold
Step 1
Introductory paragraph that tells who, what, where, and when.
Step 2
A sequence of events in the order in which they occurred.
Step 3 (optional)
A conclusion

MODEL OF A RECOUNT
A Postcard
Dear Nan,
We are having a great holiday here on the Gold Coast. Yesterday we went to Movie World.
When we got up in the morning, it looked like rain. After a while the clouds disappeared 
and it became a sunny day. We then decided to go to Movie World.
The first ride I went on was Lethal Weapon. Next I saw the Police Academy show. 
After that I had lunch as I was really hungry. Meanwhile, Mum and Kelly queued for
the Batman ride.
About one o’clock we got a light shower of rain but it cleared up soon after. 
We then went on all the other rides followed by the studio tour.
It was a top day. See you when we get back.
Love
Sam  
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  • KOMPETENSI BAHASA INGGRIS
  • UNTUK
  • SMP
  • KELAS VII. VIII, DAN IX
  • KOMPETENSI BAHASA INGGRIS
  • UNTUK
  • SMP
  • KELAS VII. VIII, DAN IX
  • ORALLY AND WRITTEN
  • DIALOGUES
  • TRANSACTIONAL
  • INTERPERSONAL
  • MONOLOGUES
  • DESCRIPTIVE
  • RECOUNT
  • NARRATIVE
  • PROCEDURE
  • REPORT
  • SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXTS TO UNDERSTAND:
  • CAUTION/NOTICE/WARNING
  • GREETING CARD
  • LABEL
  • SHORT MESSAGE
  • ADVERTISEMENT
  • ANNOUNCEMENT
  • INVITATION
  • ESSAY TEXTS TO UNDERSTND:
  • DESCRIPTIVE
  • RECOUNT
  • NARRATIVE
  • PROCEDURE
  • REPORT
  • NARRATIVE GENRE
  • ØFocus on specific Participants
  • ØUse of Material Processes 
  • ØUse of Relational Processes and Mental Processes 
  • ØUse of Temporal Conjunctions and Temporal  Circumstances
  • ØUse of Past Tense
  • 1. NARRATIVE
  • PURPOSE
  • To entertain the reader
  • To provide entertainment and to make the audience think about an issue.
  • Teach them a lesson, or.
  • Excite their  emotions.
  • TYPE
  • Short stories
  • Fables,
  • Folk tales
  • Plays, 
  • Legends, 
  • Myths,
  • Ballads
  • 2. REPORT
  • PURPOSE
  • To present information about a person, thing or place
  • OR
  • To classify and/or describe using facts about the subject’s parts, behavior and qualities.
  • Or To discribe an object in general
  • TYPE
  • Reference 
  • articles
  • lecture
  • scientific articles, 
  • textbooks
  • EXAMPLE OF REPORT TEXT
  •      Kangaroos are member of a group of hopping marsupial mammal. They are found in Australia and neighbouring islands.
  •       Kangoroos have powerful hind legs, with long nerrow feet possessing only four toes which enable the kangoroo to leap swiftly over the ground. The long muscular tail serves as balancing organ.
  •      All kangoroo eat gress and other  vegetation. Because it is one of the most prominant and distinctive feature of the fauna in Australia,  the kangoroo has been chosen as Australian’s National Animal.
  • 3. RECOUNT
  • PURPOSE
  • To tell events in the time order that have happened
  • To provide the audience with a description of what occurred and when it occurred or
  • To retell one’s past experience.  
  • TYPE
  • Diaries, 
  • letters, 
  • journals, 
  • biographies, 
  • newspaper reports,
  • historical recount,
  • autobiographies, 
  • incident reports.
  •  
  • 4. PROCEDURE
  •  
  • PURPOSE
  • To explain how to do something, or
  • How to make something or 
  • How to get somewhere. 
  • TYPE
  • Recipes, 
  • instructional manuals,
  • experiment reports, 
  • spoken directions
  •  
  • 5. DESCRIPTIVE
  •    
  • To describe  about certain person,  animal or thing (a living or non-living thing)
  • OR
  • To tell about  the subject by describing its features without including personal opinions. 
  • Certain thing, 
  • person, 
  • animal, 
  • or place
  • Cinderella
  • GENERIC STRUCTURE
  • GENERIC STRUCTURE
  • THANK YOU !!
  • RECOUNT  TEXT


  • THREE MAIN PARTS:
  • Orientation
  • Events
  • Re-orientation
  • Orientation
  • Ø
  • Ø
  • Contoh Orientasi
  • I  have  one unforgettable experience. It happened  when I was in high school.
  • One day. I was called for a meeting. All teachers and my friends were scowling at me
  • Events,
  • Contoh Events
  • Then suddenly. I heared my teacher and friends sang “ Happy birthday”. After that, They showered me with water until I was soaking wet. Next, they took me to my class. My classmate congratulated  me and  gave  me presents.
  • Re-orientation
  • PURPOSE
  • To tell events in the time order that have happened 
  • To provide the audience with a description of what occurred and when it occurred or
  • To retell one’s past experience. 
  • Diaries, 
  • letters, 
  • journals, 
  • biographies, 
  • TYPE
  • newspaper reports,
  • historical recount,
  • autobiographies, 
  • incident reports.
  • DIALOGUES  AND  MONOLOGUE
  • SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXTS
  • ESSAY TEXTS
  • Purpose: 
  • To entertain/to amuse the readers.
  • Lexicogrammatical Features:
  •   Once upon a time, there was a little girl called Cinderella. She was pretty, loving and clever. But she was very poor. She lived with her step mother and stepsisters. They were very mean.
  •   They hated Cinderella very much. Fortunately, she met a prince. He fell in love with her. Then Cinderella became a princess.
  •   Orientation
  •   Evaluation
  •   Complication
  •   Resolution
  •   Reorientation
  • Muhamad  A. Hakim
  • mabdhak@yahoo.co.id
  •   The teacher even  punished me and  asked me to stand on a chair with my eyes  closeed in the middle  of the school yard. I  had no idea why they  were being so cruel to me.  I was so sad that I  could not help crying.
  • states a conclusion.
  •   I  was very surprised. I’ll never forget that moment”.
  • THANKS
  •  


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